Makna Kematian Kristus dalam Surat-Surat Paulus
Abstract
The death of Christ constitutes the central core of the Christian faith and serves as a primary foundation in New Testament theological reflection, particularly within the Pauline epistles. However, the diversity of interpretations has generated conceptual ambiguity, necessitating a systematic and comprehensive analysis. This article aims to analyze and formulate the meaning of Christ’s death in the Pauline letters in a comprehensive manner by employing a biblical theology approach structured thematically. This study utilizes a qualitative method based on library research, analyzing biblical sources and theological literature. The findings and discussion reveal that through His death, Christ redeems, justifies, reconciles humanity to God, and acts as a substitute for believers. Through His death, liberation from the bondage of sin and the Law is accomplished. This redemption is universally available to all humanity, yet it becomes effective only for those who receive it by faith. The thesis statement of this research is firmly grounded in the assertion that the death of Christ represents the perfect ransom and the only way of salvation for humanity. The novelty of this study lies in the relative lack of integrative scholarship that specifically constructs the meaning of Christ’s death in the Pauline epistles by holistically connecting the dimensions of redemption, justification, reconciliation, and substitution within Paul’s theological framework.
Abstrak
Kematian Kristus merupakan pusat dari iman Kristen dan menjadi fondasi utama dalam refleksi teologi Perjanjian Baru khususnya dalam surat-surat Paulus. Namun demikian keragaman interpretasi menimbulkan ambiguitas konseptual sehingga perlu dianalisis secara sistematis dan komprehensif. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merumuskan makna kematian Kristus dalam surat-surat Paulus secara komprehensif dengan menggunakan pendekatan teologi biblika yang diformulasikan secara tematis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis studi pustaka dengan menganalisis sumber Alkitab dan literatur teologi. Hasil dan pembahasan yang ditemukan adalah melalui kematian-Nya Kristus menebus, membenarkan, mendamaikan dengan Allah dan menggantikan orang percaya. Melalui kematian-Nya terjadi pembebasan dari perhambaan dosa dan hukum Taurat. Penebusan ini berlaku bagi semua manusia namun hanya efektif bagi mereka yang menerimanya dengan iman. Thesis Statement penelitian ini berfondasi kuat pada kematian Kristus merupakan harga tebusan yang sempurna dan satu-satunya jalan keselamatan bagi manusia. Novelty kajian ini terletak pada kurangnya kajian integratif yang secara khusus mengkonstruksi makna kematian Kristus dalam surat-surat Paulus dengan menghubungkan dimensi penebusan, pembenaran, pendamaian dan substitusi secara holistik dalam pemikiran Paulus.
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